European Commission (NGEU)
Unverified 5 Research / Academic Papers
3 Second Party Opinions
1 Impact Report
1 Framework
Documents (10)
Research Mentioning This Issuer (41)
Academic papers in the registry that reference this issuer.
- 2025 Was Covid-19 a wake-up call on climate risks? Evidence from the greenium
- 2024 Advancing green finance: a review of climate change and decarbonization
- 2024 Unveiling the truth: greenwashing in sustainable finance
- 2024 The impact of green bond for achieving sustainable development goals
- 2024 Green infrastructure in developing economies: a unique target for risk reduction and financial investment
- 2024 Can Sovereign Green Bonds Accelerate the Transition to Net-Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions?
- 2024 Green bonds as the driving force of environmental performance – the European perspective
- 2024 “Green bonds” as a key instrument for sustainable investment and eco-innovation
- 2023 Green Investments as Tools for Stimulating the Sustainable Financing of Logistics Systems Development
- 2023 The determinants of green finance and effect on the banking sector
- 2023 Exploring Sentiment Analysis of Sustainable Finance Initiatives
- 2023 Comparative Legal Aspects of the EU and Russia Policy in the Field of Green Financing
- 2023 How financial mechanisms can incentivize provision of ecosystem services from land restoration: A systematic review protocol
- 2023 Social Impact Bonds: a Review of their Strengths and Weaknesses
- 2022 Green finance research around the world: a review of literature
- 2022 Dynamic nonlinear connectedness between the green bonds, clean energy, and stock price: the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
- 2022 A bibliometric-qualitative literature review of green finance gap and future research directions
- 2022 Sustainable Finance in Emerging Markets: Evolution, Challenges, and Policy Priorities
- 2022 Regulating Sustainable Finance in the Dark
- 2022 The EU Sustainable Finance Agenda: Developing Governance for Double Materiality in Sustainability Metrics
- 2022 The Role of Green Finance in Greening the Economy: Conceptual Approach
- 2022 Swedish public and private housing companies’ access to the capital market for financing energy renovation
- 2022 The Interconnectedness between Green Finance Indexes and Other Important Financial Variables
- 2022 Financial Sustainability in Austrian Industrial Companies
- 2022 Equity Mutual Funds in Healthcare Sector: A Comparison of Performance and Risk Through an Age-Cohort Analysis
- 2021 Why do institutional investors buy green bonds: Evidence from a survey of European asset managers
- 2021 Sustainable finance as a contested concept: tracing the evolution of five frames between 1998 and 2018
- 2021 Covering sustainable finance: Role perceptions, journalistic practices and moral dilemmas
- 2021 A Cognizance of Green Bond Features Preferential to Renewable Energy Project Financing in Ghana
- 2021 Assessing statistical link between FinTech PEST environment and achievement of SDGs
- 2021 Making Sustainble Finance Sustainable
- 2021 Green? Covered bond? Green covered bond!
- 2021 Finance for Climate Action: Postcovid-19 Recovery Challenges
- 2021 A climate investment trap in developing economies
- 2020 Blind to carbon risk? An analysis of stock market reaction to the Paris Agreement
- 2020 Sustainable Corporate Governance: The Role of the Law
- 2020 Green bonds as a source of financing pro-environmental actions in Poland
- 2020 GREEN BONDS REPRESENTING GREEN FINANCE IN EUROPE – BASIC CHARACTERISTICS
- 2019 The pricing of green bonds: Are financial institutions special?
- 2019 A Swedish Market for Sustainability-Related and Socially Labelled Bonds. Institutional Investors as Drivers
- 2018 The impact of liquidity risk on the yield spread of green bonds
XF Company Profile
Extra-financial information found across 10 documents in the XframeworkID registry
NACE U Extraterritorial Organisations
Information extracted from documents in the registry. Values are as disclosed; this is not an assessment or rating. Last updated 2 Jun 2026.
Issuer Identity & Structure
- Issuer name and country/jurisdiction
- European Commission, European Union FRAMEWORK 2021
- Issuer sector/industry classification
- Extraterritorial Organisations FRAMEWORK 2021
- Issuer type
- Supranational organization FRAMEWORK 2021
- Core business activities and geographic focus
- Political and economic integration; policy areas include climate, environment, health, external relations, security, justice, migration; financial assistance to Member States and non-EU countries FRAMEWORK 2021
- Issuer organizational structure
- Supranational political and economic union of 27 Member States FRAMEWORK 2021
- Issuer founding year
- 1957 FRAMEWORK 2021
- Credit rating and rating agency
- Strong credit rating with major established rating agencies FRAMEWORK 2021
Corporate Strategy & Mission
- Corporate mission and sustainability strategy
- NextGenerationEU instrument to tackle adverse economic consequences of COVID-19 crisis and fund green transition FRAMEWORK 2021
Green / Sustainable Finance Framework
- Sustainable bond framework name and version
- NextGenerationEU Green Bond Framework FRAMEWORK 2021
- Framework publication date and update history
- 7 September 2021 FRAMEWORK 2021
- Bond types covered under framework
- Green bonds, Social bonds FRAMEWORK 2021
- Eligible use-of-proceeds categories
- Research and innovation supporting green transition; Digital technologies supporting green transition; Energy efficiency; Clean energy and network; Climate change adaptation; Water and waste management; Clean transport and infrastructure; Nature protection, rehabilitation and biodiversity SPO 2021
- Eligible project locations
- European Union Member States SPO 2021
- Refinanced vs. newly financed project distinction
- Up to 100% refinancing allowed; Look back period: February 2020; could be longer than 24 months for future issuances SPO 2021
Standards & Regulatory Alignment
- Alignment with ICMA Green Bond Principles
- Aligned with four core components of ICMA Green Bond Principles 2021 SPO 2021
- Alignment with UN Sustainable Development Goals
- Contributes to UN Sustainable Development Goals; specifically SDG 3 and SDG 8 for social measures SPO 2021
- Alignment with ICMA Social Bond Principles or Sustainability Bond Guidelines
- EU SURE aligned with four core components of Social Bond Principles 2020 SPO 2020
External Review & Verification
- Second Party Opinion (SPO) provider name and assessment date
- V.E (Green Bond Framework); August 2021; Sustainalytics (Social Bond Framework); 2020 SPO 2021
- SPO assessment scope and methodology
- Assessment of alignment with ICMA Green Bond Principles 2021 and Social Bond Principles 2020; evaluation of use of proceeds, project evaluation and selection, management of proceeds, monitoring and reporting SPO 2021
- SPO preliminary evaluation or credibility rating
- Framework contribution to sustainability: Robust; ESG risks management: Advanced; SDG Mapping: Robust; Coherent with EU strategic sustainability priorities SPO 2021
Changes Over Time
Items where disclosed information changed across documents.
Sustainable bond framework name and version
Eligible use-of-proceeds categories
2020 Employment support and income protection measures to alleviate negative impacts on employment income due to Covid-19 pandemic; national short-time employment schemes →
2021 Research and innovation activities supporting the green transition; Digital technologies supporting the green transition; Energy efficiency; Clean energy and network; Climate change adaptation; Water & waste management; Clean transport & infrastructure; Nature protection, rehabilitation and biodiversity
Alignment with UN Sustainable Development Goals